_1711433582 20240326061302000 Rovedar Daryoushbabazadeh@gmail.com Rovedar Small Animal Advances Small Anim. Adv. 2821-2363 03 22 2024 3 1 Kweku Asare-Dompreh William Kwadwo Antwi Richard Abbiw Obed Danso Acheampong Ben Enyetornye Benard Ohene Botwe Ebenezer Tawiah Matey Joel Agbenyah Sherry Ama Mawuko Johnson Introduction: The global unpopularity of linear ultrasonographic measurement, due to its inherent subjectivity, contrasts with the safety, portability, low cost, and real-time capabilities of this imaging modality. The increased availability of ultrasounds in veterinary practice in Ghana presents an opportunity to provide ultrasonographic liver size reference ranges to aid the diagnosis of hepatopathies in domestic dogs. Therefore, this study sought to establish ultrasonographic liver size reference ranges of dogs in Accra, Ghana. It also aimed to to investigate the correlation between liver size and selected morphometric parameters in these domestic dogs. Materials and methods: A total of 60 dogs from different domestic breeds, sexes (27 males and 33 females), age ranges (2.82 ± 2.12 years), weights (28.83 ±9.98kg), and body conformation were sampled. Purposive sampling of dogs was performed based on presenting history, clinical signs, physical exam, and blood analysis. Blood samples were collected for serum biochemistry to distinguish between those classified as healthy and those presenting with clinical illness. Additionally, all dogs were subjected to linear ultrasonographic liver size measurements in longitudinal and transverse planes. Results: The findings indicated a strong positive correlation of mean longitudinal sonographic liver measurement with body height, body girth (the widest point of the chest and the rib cage), the distance between the last rib and the tuber coxa, and the distance between the xiphoid and the tuber ischium. Equations were derived from the mean longitudinal sonographic measurement and these body parameters for deep and non-deep-chested breeds. This study helped to establish equations that can be used to estimate the longitudinal liver measurement. Conclusion: This information can be used in clinical settings to help veterinarians (even with basic knowledge of hepatic ultrasonography) to have a fair idea of hepatopathies relating to size.        03 22 2024 1 7 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 10.58803/saa.v3i1.21 https://saa.rovedar.com/index.php/SAA/article/view/21 https://saa.rovedar.com/index.php/SAA/article/download/21/45 https://saa.rovedar.com/index.php/SAA/article/download/21/45 10.1016/j.cvsm.2013.03.011 10.1055/s-0030-1263209 10.1155/2012/672107 Mircea PA, Badea R, Fodor D, and Buzoianu AD. Using ultrasonography as a teaching support tool in undergraduate medical education - time to reach a decision. Med Ultrason. 2012; 14(3): 211-216. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22957326/ 10.1016/j.jemermed.2013.08.028 10.1016/j.tvjl.2016.02.010 Badea R, Ciobanu L, Gomotirceanu A, Hagiu C, and Socaciu M. Contrast ultrasonography of the digestive tract lumen. Review of the literature and personal experience. Med Ultrason. 2010; 12(1): 52-61. Available at: https://medultrason.ro/medultrason/index.php/medultrason/article/view/34/28 10.1002/9781118760772 Dyce KM, Sack WO, and Wensing CJG. Textbook of veterinary anatomy. 4th ed. Philadelphia, USA: Saunders Elsevier; 2010. 10.1002/ca.22350 10.14202/vetworld.2019.1266-1272 10.1111/j.1740-8261.1988.tb01769.x Thrall DE. Textbook of veterinary diagnostic radiology. 6th ed. Philadelphia, USA: Elsevier Ltd; 2013. 10.1007/s13253-019-00370-6 Barsanti JA. Small animal clinical diagnosis by laboratory methods. 4th ed. Philadelphia, USA: Saunders Elsevier; 2004. Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine (CUCVM). Chemistry (Cobas). 2022. Available at: https://www.vet.cornell.edu/animal-health-diagnostic-center/laboratories/clinical-pathology/reference-intervals/chemistry Barr F. Ultrasonographic assessment of liver size in the dog. J Small Anim Pract. 1992a; 33(8): 359-364. DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-5827.1992.tb01172.x Mauragis D, and Berry CR. Small animal abdominal ultrasonography, part 1: Liver & gallbladder. Today’s veterinary practice. Available at: https://todaysveterinarypractice.com/radiology-imaging/imaging-essentials-small-animal-abdominal-ultrasonography-liver-gallbladder-part-1/ 10.1002/9780470752357.ch1 10.1111/j.1748-5827.1992.tb01174.x 10.3390/ani8090151 American kennel club (AKC). Dog breeds. AKC; 2019. Available at: https://www.akc.org/dog-breeds South African Boer Boel Breeders' Society (SABBBS). 2019. Available at: https://sabbs.co.za/the-boerboel/breed-standard Jackson ML. Veterinary clinical pathology: An introduction. 1st ed. New Jersey, USA: Blackwell publishing Company; 2007. Menard M, Lecoindre A, Cadoré JL, Chevallier M, pagnon A, Hernandez H, et al. Use of serum biomarkers in staging of canine hepatic 10.1177/1040638719866881