Surgical Procedure of a Transmissible Venereal Tumor in Nostril of a Domestic Dog

Abstract

Introduction: Canine transmissible venereal tumor (CTVT) is a contagious, round-cell neoplasm of mesenchymal origin that primarily affects the mucosal surfaces of the external genitalia in both male and female dogs. This neoplasm is naturally transmissible and sexually spread, particularly among reproductively active stray dogs. The present study investigated the clinical and histological signs, as well as surgical treatment, of CTVY in a 4-year-old mixed-breed dog.

Case report: In 2024, a 4-year-old female mixed-breed dog weighing 18 kg was referred to a veterinary clinic in Mashhad, Iran, due to the presence of a lobulated nasal mass. The dog exhibited blood-tinged saliva and showed no improvement with antibiotic therapy. Following clinical evaluation and radiographic imaging, an incisional biopsy was conducted under general anesthesia to obtain a tissue sample for histopathological examination. After aseptic preparation of the surgical field, the mass, including a 1 cm margin of healthy surrounding soft tissue and bone, was surgically excised. Accordingly, the primary oral transmissible venereal tumor (TVT) was diagnosed. The surgery was done, and after a follow-up period of 150 days post-excisional surgery for a TVT, the patient remained alive and exhibited no visible signs of tumor recurrence or surgical complications.

Conclusion: The present case described a nasal TVT exhibiting slow tumor growth and an absence of metastasis in other regions, in a canine patient that underwent treatment exclusively through complete excisional surgery.