Gastrointestinal Parasites of Non-descript Goats (capra hircus) in Semi-Arid Zone of Southern India

Main Article Content

Jayakumar Devadharshini
Cattavarayane Mathivathani
Siddhartha Sankar Das

Abstract

The current study was conducted to know the occurrence of gastrointestinal parasitism in two semi-intensive goat farms owned by small-scale farmers of Puducherry, a semi-arid zone of Southern India. The primary aim of this study was to identify the gastrointestinal parasites in non-descript goats of selected farms in Puducherry, a semi-arid zone of Southern India. The samples included 18 goats from Thirukkanur farm, and 7 goats from Kombakkam farm. The goats had a history of recurrent diarrhea, improper vaccination, and deworming status. There was no information on treatment history. Fresh fecal samples (n = 25) were collected per rectum from the non-descript goats belonging to different age groups and sex. The collected fresh fecal samples were processed by qualitative fecal examination, such as direct smear examination, sedimentation, and flotation techniques. Of 25 fecal samples, 23 (92%) samples were found positive. Upon microscopic examination, different gastrointestinal parasites in the non-descript goats of the targeted area include Strongyles (68%), Amphistomes (48%), Strongyloides spp. (36%), Moniezia spp. (8%), and Trichuris spp. (4%). A higher incidence of gastrointestinal parasites was found in the non-descript goats of the study location. Among these, nematodes constitute about (Strongyles, Strongyloides spp., Trichuris spp.) 80%, trematode (Amphistomes) 12%, and cestode (Moniezia spp.) 8% were found to be predominant. It is reported that among all the gastrointestinal parasites, the nematode strongyle infection is higher in non-descript goats.

Article Details

How to Cite
Devadharshini, J., Mathivathani, C., & Sankar Das, S. (2022). Gastrointestinal Parasites of Non-descript Goats (capra hircus) in Semi-Arid Zone of Southern India . Small Animal Advances, 1(1), 22–26. https://doi.org/10.58803/saa.v1i1.5
Section
Short Communication

References

Thiruvenkadan AK. Improvement in rural livelihood through dairy goat farming in India. First Asia Dairy Goat Conference; 2012 Apr 9; 9: 174. Available at: http://www.capridairyworld.org/files/pdf/1st-Asia-Dairy-Goat-Conf-Proceedings-12.pdf

Kumar S, and Pant KP. Development perspective of goat rearing in India: status, issues and strategies. Indian J Agric Econ. 2003; 58(4):752-67. Available at: https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/297985/files/ijae-616.pdf

Capote J. Environments and goats around the world: Importance of genetic and management factors. In: Kukovics S, editor. Sustainable goat breeding and goat farming in central and Eastern European countries. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations: Rome, Italy. 2016. p. 1-6. Available at: https://www.fao.org/3/i5437e/i5437e.pdf

Provisional key results of 20th Livestock Census. Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying of India. [cited 2022, September 16]; Available at https://www.dahd.nic.in/division/provisional-key-results-20th-livestock-census

National action plan on goat. Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying Government of India; 2019 [cited 2022 September 16]. Available at: https://dahd.nic.in/sites/default/filess/NAP%20on% 20Goat.pdf

Mishra P, Ali SA, and Verma NK. On the population and characteristics of descript and non-descript goats of India. Biosci Biotech Res Comm. 2015; 8(2): 213-216. Available at: https://bbrc.in/bbrc/papers/pdf%20files/Volume%208%20-%20No%202%20-%202015/20.pdf

Jegede OC, Adejoh AA, Obeta SS, and Olayemi OD. Gastrointestinal parasites of sheep and goats in Gwagwalada Area Council, Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria; with a special reference to

sex, breed and age. AJVS. 2015; 46(1): 170-176. DOI : https://www.doi.org/10.5455/ajvs.177135

Pal RA, and Qayyum MA. Distribution of gastrointestinal amphistomes and cestodes in small ruminants grazed on irrigated and non-irrigated pasture zones. In Proceedings of Pakistan Congress of Zoology; 1993. 13: 307-313.

Singh AK, Das G, Roy B, Nath S, Naresh R, and Kumar S. Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasitic infections in goats of Madhya Pradesh, India. J Parasit Dis. 2015; 39(4): 716-719. DOI : https://doi.org/10.1007/s12639-014-0420-z

Pathak AK, and Pal S. Seasonal prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in goats from Durg district of Chhattisgarh. Vet world. 2008; 1(5):

-137. Available at: http://www.veterinaryworld.org/2008/May/

Seasonal%20Prevalence%20of%20Gastrointestinal%20Parasites%20in%20Goats%20f.pdf

Puducherry district. Government of Puducherry India [cited 2022 Sep 16]. Available at: https://puducherry-dt.gov.in/

Pondicherry geography and history. Maps of India. 2013 [cited 2022 Sep 16]. Available at: https://www.mapsofindia.com/pondicherry/

geography-history.html

Soulsby EJL. Helminths, protozoa and arthropods of domesticated animal. 7th ed. London: Bailliere Tindall, 1982. p.763-777.

Paul BT, Jesse FF, Chung EL, Che’Amat A, and Mohd Lila MA. Risk factors and severity of gastrointestinal parasites in selected small ruminants from Malaysia. Vet Sci. 2020; 7(4): 208. DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.3390/vetsci7040208

Bukhari S, and Sanyal PK. Epidemiological intelligence for grazing management in strategic control of parasitic gastroenteritis in small ruminants in India-A Review. Vet World. 2011; 4(2): 92-96. Available at: https://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=IN2013000387

Torres-Acosta JF, and Hoste H. Alternative or improved methods to limit gastrointestinal parasitism in grazing sheep and goats. Small Rumin Res. 2008; 77(2-3): 159-73. DOI : https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2008.03.009

Hassan NM, Farag TK, Abu El Ezz NM, and Abou-Zeina HA. Prevalence assessment of gastrointestinal parasitic infections among goats in Giza Governorate, Egypt. Bull Natl Res Cent. 2019; 43: 127. DOI : https://www.doi.org/10.1186/s42269-019-0151-5

Taylor M. Parasite of goats : A guide to diagnosis and control .

In practice. 24(2): 76-89. DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.1136/

inpract.24.2.76

Jesse FF, Bitrus AA, Chung EL, Peter ID, Mohd MA, and Salleh LA. Severe parasitic gastroenteritis (PGE) in a goat: A veterinary case report and way forward. The Thai J of Vet Med. 2019; 49(3): 295-299. Available at: https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/tjvm/

article/view/230636/156959

Githigia SM, Thamsborg SM, Munyua WK, and Maingi N. Impact of gastrointestinal helminths on production in goats in Kenya. Small Rum Res. 2001; 42(1): 21-29. DOI : https://www.doi.org/10.1016/S0921-4488(01)00240-1

Moje N, Gurmesa A, and Regassa G. Gastro-intestinal tract nematodes of small ruminants: Prevalence and Their identification in and around Alage, Southern Ethiopia. Animal and Vet Sci. 2021; 9(3): 65-72. DOI : https://www.doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20210903.14

Tariq KA, Chishti MZ, and Ahmad F. Gastro-intestinal nematode infections in goats relative to season, host sex and age from the Kashmir valley, India. J Helminthol. 2010; 84(1): 93-7 DOI : https://www.doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X09990113

Badran I, Abuamsha R, Aref R, Alqisi W, and Alumor J. Prevalence and diversity of gastrointestinal parasites in small ruminants under two different rearing systems in Jenin district of Palestine.

An - Najah Univ J Res. 2012; 26(1): 1-8. Available at: https://journals.najah.edu/media/journals/full_texts/prevalence-and-diversity-gastrointestinal-parasites-small-ruminants-under-two-different-rearing-syst.pdf

Hassan NMF, Farag TK, Abu El Ezz NMT, and Abou-Zeina HAA. Prevalence assessment of gastrointestinal parasitic infections among goats in Giza Governorate, Egypt. Bull Natl Res Cent. 2019; 43: 127. DOI : https://www.doi.org/10.1186/s42269-019-0151-5

Wondmnew K, Temesgen W, Hussien M, and Arega Y. Study on prevalence of ovine paramphistomiasis in Kutaber Woreda, South Wollo, Amhara Region, Ethiopia. J Biosci Biotechnol Discv. 2019; 4(4): 84-87. Available at : https://integrityresjournals.org/journal/JBBD/article-full-text-pdf/5D2831734

NorAzlina AA, Sani RA, and Ariff OM . Management practices affecting helminthiasis in goats. Pertanika J Trop Agric Sci. 2011; 34(2): 295-301. Available at: http://psasir.upm.edu.my/ id/eprint/58202/1/JTAS%20Vol.%2034%20%282%29%20Aug.%202011%20%28View%20Full%20Journal%29.pdf#page=105